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Luke 20

1One day, as he taught the people in the temple and proclaimed the good news, the chief priests and scribes came up with the elders. 2They said to him, “Tell us by what authority you do these things, or who gave you this authority.” 3He answered them, “I too will ask you something. Tell me: 4was John's baptism from heaven or from people?” 5They reasoned together, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will say, ‘Why did you not believe him?’ 6But if we say, ‘From people,’ all the people will stone us, because they are convinced that John was a prophet.” 7So they answered that they did not know where it came from. 8Jesus said to them, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I do these things.”

9He began to tell the people this parable: “Someone planted a vineyard, leased it to farmers, and went away for a long time. 10At the proper season he sent a slave to the farmers so that they would give him some of the vineyard's fruit. But the farmers beat him and sent him away empty-handed. 11He sent another slave, but they beat and dishonored that one too and sent him away empty-handed. 12He sent a third, but they wounded this one too and threw him out. 13The owner of the vineyard said, ‘What shall I do? I will send my beloved son. Perhaps they will respect him.’ 14But when the farmers saw him, they reasoned with one another, ‘This is the heir. Let us kill him, so that the inheritance will be ours.’ 15They threw him outside the vineyard and killed him. What, then, will the owner of the vineyard do to them? 16He will come and destroy those farmers and give the vineyard to others.” When they heard this, they said, “May it never happen!” 17But he looked at them and said, “What, then, does this scripture mean:

‘The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone’?

18“Everyone who falls on that stone will be shattered, and it will crush anyone on whom it falls.” 19The scribes and chief priests sought to lay hands on him at that very hour, but they feared the people, for they knew that he had told this parable against them.

20They watched him and sent spies who pretended to be righteous, so that they could catch something he said and hand him over to the governor's rule and authority. 21They questioned him, saying, “Teacher, we know that you speak and teach rightly and show no partiality, but teach God's way in truth. 22Is it lawful for us to pay tax to Caesar or not?” 23He perceived their cunning and said to them, 24“Show me a denarius. Whose image and inscription does it have?” They answered, “Caesar's.” 25He said to them, “Then give back to Caesar what is Caesar's, and to God what is God's.” 26They were unable to catch anything in what he said before the people. Astonished at his answer, they fell silent.

27Some of the Sadducees, who deny that there is a resurrection, came and questioned him. 28They said, “Teacher, Moses wrote for us that if someone's brother dies having a wife but no children, his brother must take the wife and raise up offspring for his brother. 29Now there were seven brothers. The first took a wife and died without children. 30Then the second 31and the third took her, and likewise all seven left no children and died. 32Finally the woman also died. 33So at the resurrection, whose wife does the woman become? For all seven had her as wife.”

34Jesus said to them, “The sons of this age marry and are given in marriage. 35But those considered worthy to attain that age and the resurrection from the dead neither marry nor are given in marriage, 36for they can no longer die. They are like angels, and they are sons of God, being sons of the resurrection. 37That the dead are raised, even Moses indicated in the passage about the bush, where he calls the Lord the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. 38He is God not of the dead but of the living, for all live to him.” 39Some of the scribes answered, “Teacher, you have spoken well.” 40For they no longer dared to ask him anything.

41He said to them, “How do they say that the Messiah is David's son? 42For David himself says in the book of Psalms,

‘The Lord said to my lord, “Sit at my right hand 43until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet.”’

44“David therefore calls him lord. How, then, is he his son?”

45While all the people listened, he said to the disciples, 46“Beware of the scribes who want to walk around in long robes and love greetings in the marketplaces, seats of honor in the synagogues, and places of honor at dinners. 47They devour widows' houses and make long prayers as a pretense. They will receive a greater judgment.”

Translation notes 5

20:9–18 — Vineyard and stone. The son is thrown outside and then killed, in Luke's stated order. “Cornerstone” expresses the stone made the “head of the corner”; the exact architectural placement is not specified. The crushing warning remains alongside the rejected-stone quotation from Psalm 118:22.

20:21, 24–25 — Faces and payment. “Show no partiality” renders an idiom about not accepting a face, meaning not judging by status. A denarius was a silver coin. “Give back” retains the verb's repayment sense without inserting a comprehensive theory of state and religious authority.

20:28–36 — Marriage and resurrection. The question invokes the obligation to raise offspring for a deceased brother. “Sons of this age,” “sons of God,” and “sons of the resurrection” retain gendered membership expressions whose scope includes women in this discussion. “Like angels” does not say that people become angels; the comparison is connected with no longer dying.

20:37–44 — Scripture. The bush passage is Exodus 3:6. “All live to him” is kept without expanding it into a complete account of life after death. The David saying quotes Psalm 110:1 and leaves the question's force intact rather than inserting its theological answer.

20:47 — Devouring. The houses image describes predatory loss of widows' property or means of support; the text does not name a single financial mechanism.